نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مدرس سطوح عالی حوزه علمیه خراسان، طلبه سطح 4 رشته تخصصی کلام جدید مدرسه علمیه عالی نواب
2 استاد گروه منطق فهم دین پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The theory of the ‘Historicity of the Qurʾān’ (tārīkhmandī-yi Qurʾān), recognized as one of the most prominent contemporary hermeneutical approaches, is predicated upon the premise that many of the Qurʾānic legislative precepts (aḥkām tashrīʿiyya)—particularly those pertaining to family matters and women’s rights—are not immutable, eternal laws. Rather, they are contextual strategies tailored to the social exigencies of the era of revelation (ʿaṣr al-nuzūl). Consequently, this perspective challenges the perpetual validity of these precepts, advocating instead for a prioritization of the justice-oriented spirit of the Sharīʿa over its historically contingent forms. The present research, employing a descriptive-analytical and critical methodology, examines three primary domains: 1. Differentiated legal precepts (inheritance [mīrāth], blood money [diya], and testimony [shahāda]); 2. The permissibility of polygyny; and 3. Male authority and maintenance (qawwāmiyya) alongside female marital recalcitrance (nushūz). Proponents of historicity posit that these precepts served as a gradual response to the pre-Islamic society of ignorance (Jāhiliyya). Consequently, they argue that with the evolution of social conditions, the aforementioned rulings have lost their objective applicability (mawḍūʿiyya). The findings indicate that the historicist approach encounters significant methodological and interpretive challenges: First, it lacks sufficient intra-textual evidence and imposes modern presuppositions upon the Qurʾānic text (eisegesis). Second, it overlooks the systemic logic governing Islamic jurisprudence and the principle of distributive justice (al-ʿadālat al-tawzīʿiyya). Third, it reduces the enduring sociological and psychological wisdoms (ḥikam) underlying these precepts to mere historical contingencies. Ultimately, this research concludes that the aforementioned rulings are predicated upon a coherent system designed to maintain familial equilibrium and functional efficacy; thus, the claim of their ‘historicity’ lacks sufficient scholarly rigor (itqān).
کلیدواژهها [English]
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