An Epistemological and Ontological Analytical Evaluation of the Accident Hypothesis in Metaphysical Outputs

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Level 4 student specializing in modern theology at Navvab Higher Seminary

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Level 4 scholar at Navab Seminary

10.22034/ntt.2025.838

Abstract

One of the fundamental concepts in modern atheism is the hypothesis of coincidence in the origin of the world. This hypothesis has been the subject of diverse views in the fields of physics and biology. The most important versions of this hypothesis include Darwin's "evolution of species", Mendel's "principle of heredity", Dawkins' "gene mutation" and Heisenberg's "uncertainty principle". In the biological version, coincidence is interpreted as the negation of the ultimate cause, and in its physical version, it is interpreted as the negation of the active cause of the world. Since this theory has created important challenges in the epistemological and ontological fields, the present study attempts to evaluate and analyze it using a critical-analytical method based on library tools. In the epistemological dimension, challenges related to the recognition, justification and possibility of logical explanation of random events are examined. Also, from an ontological perspective, the role of coincidence in explaining existence, giving consistency to the order of the world, and its relationship with causality is explained. The research findings show that the coincidence hypothesis lacks the necessary competence in proving or disproving the active and final cause from an epistemological and ontological perspective, and it also faces many challenges in explaining the principle of causality.

Keywords

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 31 July 2025
  • Revise Date: 14 September 2025
  • Accept Date: 08 January 2026

Share

How to cite

Statistics